Overcoming and Untrusted Computing Base: Detecting and Removing Malicious Hardware Automatically

The computer systems security arms race between attackers and defenders has largely taken place in the domain of software systems, but as hardware complexity and design processes have evolved, novel and potent hardware-based security threats are now possible. This paper presents a hybrid hardware/software approach to defending against malicious hardware. We propose BlueChip, a defensive strategy that has both a design-time component and a runtime component. During the design verification phase, BlueChip invokes a new technique, unused circuit identification (UCI), to identify suspicious circuitry—those circuits not used or otherwise activated by any of the design verification tests. BlueChip removes the suspicious circuitry and replaces it with exception generation hardware. The exception handler software is responsible for providing forward progress by emulating the effect of the exception-generating instruction in software, effectively providing a detour around suspicious hardware. In our experiments, BlueChip is able to prevent all hardware attacks we evaluate while incurring a small runtime overhead. Disciplines Computer Sciences Comments Hicks, M., Finnicum, M., King, S., Martin, M., & Smith, J., Overcoming an Untrusted Computing Base: Detecting and Removing Malicious Hardware Automatically, 31st IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, May 2010, doi: 10.1109/SP.2010.18 © 2010 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. This conference paper is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/cis_papers/707 Appears in Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Symposium on Security & Privacy (Oakland), May 2010 Overcoming an Untrusted Computing Base: Detecting and Removing Malicious Hardware Automatically Matthew Hicks, Murph Finnicum, Samuel T. King University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Milo M. K. Martin, Jonathan M. Smith University of Pennsylvania